Purchasing a used car can be a daunting experience, especially when you are keen to ensure you are getting value for money without compromising on safety. Among the most crucial components to examine are the suspension and brakes, as they play a vital role in the vehicle's safety and comfort.

Whether you're a seasoned motor enthusiast or new to the world of car buyers, knowing how to conduct these essential checks during a test drive is invaluable.

Close up of brake system on a motor car 

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Visual Inspection Before the Test Drive

Begin with a visual check of the car's suspension and brake components. Look at the tyres for uneven wear, as this might indicate alignment or suspension issues. Examine the shock absorbers by pressing down on each corner of the car; it should bounce back smoothly without excessive movement.

Next, inspect the brake components. Check the brake discs for grooves or rust and gauge the brake pads' thickness through the wheels. Thin pads will need replacing soon. Also, watch for any leaking brake fluid around the brake lines or callipers, which could signal serious problems. This preliminary inspection can help you spot obvious issues before taking the car for a test drive. 

Checking Brake Responsiveness

When you begin your test drive, focus on how the brakes respond. Start with gentle braking to see if the pedal feels firm and responsive. A spongy or soft pedal might indicate air in the brake lines or worn-out components. As you drive, notice how the car reacts when you apply the brakes—smooth and immediate stops suggest a healthy brake system.

On a quiet stretch of road, try firmer braking. The car should stop quickly and in a straight line. If it pulls to one side, there could be an issue with the brake callipers or alignment. Pay attention to any unusual noises, like squeaking or grinding, which may point to worn pads or more severe issues.

Off road vehicle with long travel suspension system 

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Evaluating the Suspension System

Testing the suspension is a key part of your test drive. Drive the car over various road surfaces, such as speed bumps, potholes and rough patches. A well-functioning suspension should absorb these impacts smoothly without sending harsh vibrations to the cabin. Notice if the car bounces excessively after hitting a bump, which could indicate worn-out shock absorbers or springs.

As you navigate corners, the car should feel stable with minimal body roll. Excessive leaning might suggest weak anti-roll bars or worn bushings. The ride should be comfortable, yet firm enough to ensure control and stability. Pay close attention to how the car handles and responds to these varying driving conditions. 

Listening for Unusual Noises

While you're test driving, it is essential to be alert to any unusual noises, as they can signal underlying problems. Brake-related noises such as squeaking might indicate worn pads, while grinding sounds could suggest metal-on-metal contact, which is more severe and demands immediate attention.

Suspension noises often manifest as clunks or rattles, especially when driving over uneven surfaces. These sounds can point to issues with components such as shock absorbers, strut mounts or control arm bushings.

Pay close attention when navigating rough patches or speed bumps, as these conditions are more likely to reveal suspension issues.

Turning the wheel can also help identify noises that may not be immediately apparent. Listen for any clicking or knocking sounds, which could indicate worn-out CV joints or other steering components. Being aware of these noises during your test drive can help you avoid costly repairs later on.

Car brakes system with model of a mechanic 

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Assessing Brake Efficiency in Different Conditions

To truly understand how the brakes perform, it's crucial to test them in a variety of conditions. Start by trying an emergency stop in a controlled environment. This will show you if the brakes can bring the car to a halt quickly and safely. You should feel the anti-lock braking system (ABS) kick in without the wheels locking up, ensuring maximum stopping power and control.

Next, assess the handbrake's effectiveness by stopping on an incline. Engage the handbrake fully and see if it holds the vehicle securely without any slipping. This is important for ensuring the car will not roll back on hills.

Try braking at different speeds to gauge consistency. The brakes should feel firm and responsive whether you’re stopping from a slow crawl or coming to a halt from a higher speed. Pay attention to any changes in pedal feel or braking performance, as these could indicate underlying issues.

Lastly, if possible, test the brakes in wet conditions or on slippery surfaces. The vehicle should remain stable and under control, and the ABS should help prevent wheel lock-up. These varied tests help paint a clearer picture of the brake system's overall health, revealing potential issues that might not be evident during typical driving conditions.

Close up of brake caliper through wheel 

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Consulting a Professional Mechanic

Even after your own thorough checks, it's always beneficial to get a professional mechanic involved. They have the expertise and specialised tools to conduct an in-depth inspection that goes beyond what can be observed during a test drive. For example, they can lift the car to examine the suspension and brake components from underneath, checking for issues that might not be visible from a ground-level view.

A mechanic can also conduct diagnostic tests that identify problems with electronic systems related to the brakes and suspension. This includes checking for error codes in the car's computer that might indicate hidden faults.

Additionally, they can more comprehensively inspect components such as wheel bearings, ball joints, and brake lines. These parts are crucial for the vehicle's safety and may not be easily assessed without professional equipment.

Investing in a mechanic's inspection can provide a more complete picture of the car's condition, potentially revealing costly repairs that might not be apparent during a test drive. This step can ultimately save you money and ensure you’re making a sound investment. Plus, having a professional assessment adds more confidence, confirming that the vehicle is truly roadworthy and safe to drive.

Colin Windell for Colin-on-Cars in association with

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